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Chapter 5, p.8: Gerard 與 Alej 的影片(續)

Gerard 與 Alej 的影片(續)


讓我們回頭談談前一頁的 Gerard 和 Alej 吧。

Gerard 表達音樂的方式,是以強大的能量與不斷變化的速度為特徵。
他總是在加速、減速之間遊走。
這種節奏變化出現在他的 corridas(跑步步法) 以及 giros(旋轉) 裡。

在 corrida 中,Gerard 與 Alej 會猛然前衝,
接著放慢、猶豫、再度加速。


有時他會向後退,再停一下,
換到 Alej 的另一側,
然後又向前奔跑。


整個過程中,他不斷插入 giro,
並依照音樂的變化調整旋轉速度——
甚至比 Carlos 和 Nelida 更靈活。

對我來說,這是一種非常活躍又刺激的探戈。
他與 Alej 彷彿在音樂的過山車上馳騁。
他並不太在意姿勢的完美與步伐的精準,
因為他所有的熱情,都投注在移動的能量裡。


但這並不代表他粗糙——
事實上,Gerard 是當代探戈中最複雜、最深刻的舞者之一
我花了好幾年反覆看他的影片,
才終於開始「看懂」。


破解密碼(Cracking the Code)

隨著我花更多時間觀察 milongueros,
我越來越明白:
要真正理解探戈,必須理解他們的「腳下功夫」。

多年前,我看過一支 Daniel Trenner 的錄影,
內容是他向一位老 milonguero Tommy O’Conner 學習 giro。


影片一開始看似順利:
「這裡踏一下,好,再這裡踏一下——」
但沒多久 Trenner 就完全搞糊塗。
那個 giro 看起來很簡單,
卻讓人越看越混亂——
而影片就在這種困惑中突然結束。

這支影片很有趣。
O’Conner 明顯不是什麼學院派人物,也不怎麼老練,
但他嘴角那抹靜靜的笑意
讓我印象深刻。

他笑,是因為他知道——
他們在說不同的語言。
而 Trenner 根本不知道自己聽不懂。

我在許多 milonguero 身上都見過這種神情。
幾乎所有來自學院派的舞者,
都犯過同樣的錯誤:
他們以為舞蹈是一連串可以拆解、
可以畫出圖表的「步伐與圖形」。

在他們的世界裡,
舞蹈就是學會一組組明確的動作,
再把這些動作拼成套路。
但那——不是探戈。

Copes、Dinzels、Todaro 等人
把這些「舞步模式」帶進教室,
雖然那也是探戈的一小部分,
但它不是整個探戈。

如果你想用這種方式去理解
Gerard、Ismael、Miguelito 的探戈——
你註定失敗。



啟示一:Tango 是 compás(節拍)


“Pa’ que se callen les mando en dos por cuatro, esta cadencia viril que se hace canto.”——(為了讓他們靜下來,我以「二四拍」送出這男子氣概的韻律。)

那麼,我們該從哪裡開始?

歌詞、音樂、以及 milongueros 本身
早已一再告訴我們:
探戈就是「二四拍(dos por cuatro)」的節奏。
只是我們從來沒有真正聽進去。

我決定字面地去理解這句話。
既然探戈是 compás,
那我唯一要學的,就是「compás」。



我畫了一張像鐵道軌道的圖,
用大的枕木代表強拍
小的枕木代表弱拍
規則是:
你必須精準踩在枕木上
不能踩在中間的碎石上。

如果你在小枕木上快速踏了一步,
就必須回到大枕木上繼續前進。

(是的,我真的跑去鐵軌上練習!)


接著,我開始仔細看影片、數 milonguero 的步伐。
我發現你可以連續踩在每個枕木上,
做出一連串快速的步伐(corridita)。


如果你的步數是奇數(例如 5、7、9),
你會在結尾準確地回到強拍上
你又重新走回 compás。

我練習這種 五步跑(five-run)七步跑(seven-run)九步跑(nine-run)
甚至最多練到十五步(milonga 通常沒那麼大的空間)。
這需要極好的連結與默契。


你的舞伴得能「跟得上」,
有時她會略過幾步(paso / contra paso),
有時兩人完全同步。

起初這一切都不自然,
但隨著時間推移,
它漸漸成為我聽音樂的一部分。
我與 Alej 也開始在她左右兩側都練這些節奏。


然後,我又將這套方法運用到 vals(探戈華爾滋)
這使得難度成倍增加。

若你畫成鐵軌,
這次每兩個大枕木之間有兩個小枕木。
你可以做簡單的「快步」(踩第一個小枕木、跳過第二個),
或「三連步」(兩個小枕木都踩)。

接著,在研究 Gerard 與其他 milonguero 的影片後,
我發現他們甚至能做出
「五連跑(five-run)」、「七連跑」甚至「八連跑」 的節奏!
他們能在極短時間內連踩多拍,
卻依然不失 compás。

我開始將這些節奏融入音樂。
經過長時間的練習與跳舞,
這些變化成為我的第二天性。


我混合不同方向的變化——
前進、後退、左側、右側;
有時同步(paso),有時反步(contra paso)。
而當舞池擁擠時,
我開始讓這些跑步彎成曲線


啟示二:一個 giro,其實是一個 corrida

我們花了很長時間,只為熟悉這些節奏。
在擁擠的 milonga 條件下,
我們每月大約跳 150 tandas(約600首歌)
整整一年。
這是大量的探戈練習(如果你不信,可以試試)。

鞋子幾乎都被磨平了。
但在那過程中,我看見探戈的另一種真相:

所謂「舞步」、「圖形」——
其實只是在擁擠舞池中,
運用 compás 走出的自然結果。

所有真正的高手,
都以 corriditas 與節奏組合為核心。
而要能在 milonga 中使用它們,
你必須具備快速啟動、停止、轉向的能力。

當空間縮小時,
你必須讓 corrida 變彎;
空間越小,曲線越緊——
直到它們盤旋成一個圓心
你的 corrida 會進化成 giro。


這就是為什麼 Trenner 會那麼難理解 O’Conner 的 giro。
那並不是可拆解的「步驟A→B→C」,
而是一連串corridita 節奏的壓縮與音樂結合。

若想學會它,
你得先把它拆開、拉直
重新對應音樂的節拍。


當這些節奏成為本能後,
你再把它收緊、壓縮成一個圓。
——這可能要花幾年


Trenner 還有另一個問題。
我仔細看後發現,
Tommy O’Conner 在示範時,
其實每次的 giro 都不一樣。
而我相信這不是他刻意為之。
Tete 在與 Trenner 的影片中,也有同樣情況。

為什麼?
因為——
音樂每次都不同。

milonguero 不會「照本宣科地示範」。
他們的舞,是從音樂裡長出來的
音樂不同,舞就不同。


所以,
當我們看到前後 corrida 的不同節奏組合
逐漸盤旋收縮成一個點時——
那,就是一個 giro 的誕生。

聽起來複雜,
但最終,它會變成自然本能。
如果有人問我:「你剛那個 giro 怎麼做的?」
我也答不出來。
這就像問我:「你剛那個 corridita 是怎麼走的?」
答案有無數種——
它們只是隨著音樂自然發生



好吧,讓我們回到影片。
在這個更擁擠的舞池裡,
Gerard 與 Noemí Yodice
將動作收緊成一連串曲線式的
前後 giro-corridita
融合了簡短的快步、五連跑、七連跑……
以及——
探戈中最激進的擁抱!



下一支影片:Milonga 裡的小趣事

這支影片本來是要延續我們對 giro(旋轉) 的討論,
但它同時也意外地捕捉到 milonga 世界裡的一點幽默。


主角是 TitoAriel
他們曾經是布宜諾斯艾利斯圈內一個頗具「盛名(或惡名)」的團體成員。
他們之間會互相打賭——
看誰能轉最多圈、
或是把與他共舞的 milonguera(女舞者)轉得最暈。

最後這場「旋轉大賽」不得不收場——
因為有位女士真的被轉到暈倒!
當場跌在舞池裡,
主辦單位不得不出面制止他們繼續。


不過,Alej 從來不怕轉圈。
這讓那群愛旋轉的男士們抓狂。

我以前沒注意,
但當我把這兩段影片剪在一起時才發現——
他們又在「玩」了。
他們實在忍不住,
在鏡頭前再次想把 Alej 轉到頭暈。

但這次的結果很有趣:
遊戲反噬了。


在影片的前半段,
Tito 終於自己失去平衡,被迫停下。
看起來甚至是 Alej 伸手穩住了他一瞬。
她忍不住笑了——
算是對當年在 Pavadita 被轉倒那位女士的一點小小報復吧。

接下來的後半段,
Ariel 上場。
他也開始晃動、發出搞笑的聲音,
整個人搖搖欲墜。
最後,
他與 Alej 一起笑成一團。


請看這兩段:
首先是 Tito 與 Alej
接著是 Ariel 與 AlejCanning 的片段。

——有時候,
探戈的樂趣並不只是優雅與節奏,
還包括那份人與人之間、
在旋轉中共享的笑意與玩心




如果你把 giro(旋轉) 想成是一組被壓縮到一個點的節奏組合(cadence mix)
你就能開始理解它。

但如果你把它當作一連串可以拆解、記錄、畫圖的「步伐模式」來看,
那就會陷入麻煩——
也正因如此,
幾乎不會在舞台上或教學工作坊裡
看到真正的 giro。


* 這段引用出自 〈Canción de Rango〉(Tanturi-Campos)
大意是:



「為了讓他們安靜,我以這男子氣概(二四拍)送出我的節奏。」

——指的正是探戈那股強勁、從節拍中誕生的力量。

Gerard & Alej Video
(continued)

Let's talk about the Gerard and Alej video from the previous page for a minute. Gerard's way of expressing the music is to use a lot of energy, and to constantly vary his velocity. He's always speeding up and slowing down. It happens in his corridas (a run of steps), and also in his giros. Gerard and Alej surge forward in the corridas, then they slow, hesitate, and go again. At times, Gerard runs back, hesitates, switches over to Alej's left, and then runs forward again. Throughout, he inserts giros, and he varies the rate of turn to match the music—even more than Carlos and Nelida. For me, it's a very active, exciting way to dance tango—it's like he and Alej are riding the music on a roller coaster. He doesn't worry a lot about the niceties of posture or step; all of his passion goes into the movement. But that doesn't mean it isn't sophisticated—in fact Gerard is one of the most complex dancers in tango today. It literally took me several years of looking at videos of him before I began to get it.

Cracking the Code

The more time I spent looking at the milongueros, the more I began to realize the importance of understanding what they were doing with their feet. Years ago I watched a Daniel Trenner video about an old milonguero named Tommy O'Conner. (I don't know him, and he's not around the milongas any more.) It's a funny tape, because Trenner asks O'conner to teach him a giro. It starts out okay ("step here like this, okay, step here"), but then Trenner gets confused. The giro looked simple, but it turned out to be maddeningly confusing—and then the video just ends.
It's a nice video, and a funny one. The old milonguero is obviously not very sophisticated or well traveled, but he seems to be secretly amused. He's amused because he knows they are speaking different languages...and he knows Trenner doesn't know it. I have seen this same quiet amusement in the milongueros many times. Almost every person from the academic dance world makes the same mistake. They see dancing in terms of steps and figures that they can break down and diagram. For them, dancing is made up of mastering identifiable movements, and linking them together in various patterns—but that's not tango. All of the patterns and figures that people like Copes and the Dinzels and Todaro brought to the classroom are not tango. They are a small part of tango, but they are not tango! If you try to understand or teach the tango of Gerard or Ismael or Miguelito that way, you will fail!
Epiphany One: Tango is compás
"Pa’ que se callen les mando en dos por cuatro,
esta cadencia viril que se hace canto." 
-* 

Where, then, do we begin? The lyrics and the music, and the milongueros themselves all tell us that tango is dos por cuatro. They tell us over and over... but we don't listen. I decided to take them at their word. If tango is compás, all I would do is learn compás. I was determined to figure it out, so I made a graph that looked like a railroad track, with a big tie to represent the strong beat, alternating with a small one in between to represent the weak beat. The rules were you walk down the track, and you can step on the big ties, or the small ties that are in between, but you need to step precisely on a tie—not on the gravel between them (okay, I actually went out to a railroad track to practice it). Further, if you do a quick step onto the smaller tie, you must end up back, walking on the big ties.
Then, I began to watch the videos closely and count the milonguero's steps. I found that you can walk on the ties and do a run of quicks hitting all the ties, and if you use an odd number, your corriditas will always end up correctly. You'll land on the big tie at the end. You'll be back on track, walking the compás of the strong beat again. I began to practice runs of 5, 7, and 9 quicks, hitting all the ties. I kept going, and after awhile I got up to 15 (there’s rarely enough room in a milonga for more). You need to have a good connection and a good partner who can stay with you, and you can take her along. You may let her skip some steps so you go in and out of step with her (paso to contra paso), or she can do them all with you. At first it wasn’t natural, but over time it became part of the way I heard the music, and Alej and I began doing them where I was moving on both her left and right sides.
Next, I did the same thing with vals—which greatly increases the complexity. If you graph it (a railroad track with two small ties between the big ones) you’ll find you can do the simple quicks (hit the first small tie, skip the second), and you can do "triple steps" (you hit both small ties). Then, after studying Gerard and some of the other milongueros, I realized that you can also do "five runs", "seven runs", and even "eight runs" in vals. You can hit that many adjacent ties/beats in quick sequence, and still come out correctly. You will not lose the compás.
I began to work them into the music. Over a long period of dancing, these vals corridas with varying combinations of compás become second nature. I mixed them into direction changes. I did them walking frontward, and backwards; on both sides of Alej, and we did them both paso, and contra paso. And, when it was really crowded, I began to curve them around into a circle.
Epiphany Two: A Giro is a Corrida
We danced a lot just using the cadences, getting comfortable with them. We danced about 150 tandas a month in crowded conditions for over a year, which is a lot of tango (if you don't believe me, try it some time). I was wearing out a lot of shoes, but I began to see tango in a different way. I realized that most of the things the academic tango people see as diagram able steps are simply the natural result of using the compás in crowded conditions. Using corriditas with various combinations of cadences is the core of tango. All the good dancers build their tango around it—and the only way to use them in a milonga is to be able to start and stop and change directions quickly! And if you want to do your runs when the available space closes up, you'll have to curve them. The smaller the space, the more you curve them... and eventually they will curve in on themselves, and spiral down to a single spot. Your corrida will evolve into a giro.
That's why Trenner had so much trouble with O'Conner's giro. It wasn't an academic pattern that he could decipher like step to A, then B and C. It was a complex series of corridita cadences, linked to the music, and tightened into a single point. To learn it, you had to back out. You had to unravel and straighten it back into a line, and then match the cadences to the music. When they became second nature, then you could then tighten them back down to a point again. Which will take... maybe a few years.
Trenner also had another problem. I looked closely, and I think Tommy O'Conner was changing the way he was doing the giro. But I don't think it was intentional—Tete did the same thing in his video with Trenner. Why? They were changing the giros because the music was different each time they did them! It's the nature of the way milongueros dance. They don't demo things on command. The dance comes from the music. If you ask them to demo something and the music is different, the will do it differently!
So, we have a mix of different cadences from front and back corridas, spiraled down to the point where one partner is circling the other one (or both are circling a point between them). While this sounds very complex, it can, and will, eventually become second nature. If someone asked me how I did the last giro (which some of the milongueros actually did), I couldn't really say. It's the same as asking how you did that last corridita. There are dozens of combinations. They just happen with the music... how do I know which one I just did?
Okay, let's go to the tape. It's more crowded, so Gerard and Noemí Yodice have tightened things up into... curving, front and back giro-corriditas, consisting of simple quicks, "five runs", "seven runs"... and the most radical embrace in tango!

>
There’s something funny in this next video. I put it in to continue our look at giros, but it also contains a small glimpse into the world of the milongas. Tito and Ariel were part of a famous (infamous?) group that used to bet on how many giros they could do, and how dizzy they could make the milongueras that danced with them. They finally had to cool it when a woman actually got so dizzy she fell down and the organizers told them to stop.
But Alej was never bothered by going around in circles, and it drove them nuts. I didn’t notice it before, but when I put these two clips together, I realized they were playing again. They couldn’t resist trying to make her dizzy in front of the camera—but if you look closely, you can see that the game backfires. In the first part, Tito finally looses his balance and has to stop. In fact, it appears that Alej may even have to steady him for a split second... and she starts to laugh. A tiny payback from the milongueras for the woman who fell down years ago in Pavadita. In the second half, Ariel also starts to get wobbly. On the original tape I can actually hear him start to make comments and funny noises, and he and Alej both end up laughing. First, Tito and Alej, then Ariel and Alej at Canning:

If you think of giros as a complex mix of cadences shrunk down to a point, you can begin to understand them. If you think of them as a series of step patterns that you can deconstruct and diagram, you'll run into trouble. That's why you almost never see them on a stage or in a workshop
.

* The line is from "Cancion de Rango" (Tanturi-Campos). It means, more or less, "To silence them, I send this powerful cadence in dos por cuatro"

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完美的探戈(The Perfect Tango) 我知道——探戈不是科學, 它無法用任何客觀標準來衡量。 但我看過兩支舞,實在好得讓我無法想像能有更完美的版本。 對我而言,它們就是「 完美的探戈 」。 其中一支我們已經看過了, 那是 Ismael 隨著〈 No Me Extraña 〉起舞的影片。 而現在,這是第二支。 這是一段 Miguel Balbi 在阿爾馬格羅( Almagro )的一場派對上, 隨著 Biaggi 的〈 El Trece 〉起舞的影片。 請仔細觀看—— 看他如何 隨著音樂律動、呼吸、流動 。 在影片的最後,你會聽到 Alberto Dassieu 說: 「Muy bien, pareja de bailarines.」 意思是:「一對非常棒的舞者。」 對 milongueros 而言,這句話正是探戈的精髓所在: 一種 純粹、不矯飾的音樂表達 。 表面上看起來簡單自然, 但在節奏與旋律的運用上,卻蘊含著極深的複雜度。 若你想真正體會這支舞的內涵, 不妨先 單純聆聽 這首探戈,直到旋律變得熟悉。 甚至可以多跳幾次, 感受它的節奏起伏與旋律走向。 聽清楚那些變化—— 弦樂的起伏、Biaggi 在鋼琴上的俐落敲擊、 班多鈕手風琴的嗡鳴與低吟。 然後再回頭看 Miguelito 的舞姿。 試著拿張紙, 先遮住他們的雙腳。 觀察上半身的移動路徑: 前、後、側、轉圈、再轉圈—— 整個身體像在空間中流動、輕盈地使用著整個舞池。 接著反過來, 遮住上半身,只看腿部。 如果你仔細觀察, 會看到他極為細膩地使用我們之前談過的「 三連步(triple step) 」。 在 giro 旋轉時,他有時會在弱拍的兩側, 插入兩次極快的重心轉換。 那幾乎肉眼難辨,但確實存在。 Miguel 用這些微小變化, 既在 節奏上標記 compás , 又能 調整自身重心 、維持與舞伴的完美距離。 Miguelito 是位才華洋溢、體能出眾的舞者—— 他背後有超過六十年的探戈歲月。 他甚至經歷過探戈的「荒蕪年代」, 仍與好友 Hugo、Tonino、Ernesto Delgado、Jorge Orellana、Elba Biscay 一起跳舞, (他們至今仍在跳), 還有 P...

Chapter 5, p.12 訓練眼睛 (續)Training the Eye (Continued)

Training the Eye 訓練眼睛 (Continued) 我們要記得,這段舞並不一定是為了「取悅觀眾」而跳的(雖然對我來說它很美), 而且 Alej 和 Pocho 也不是在試圖「示範」什麼。 他們只是一起 隨著音樂而行 —— 或者,更準確地說,是**隨著音樂的 entrega(投入、交付)**而流動。 我們想做的,是 往內看 。 試著「看見」與一位真正的 milonguero 共舞時的感覺。 我們想理解 Alej 所說的那句話—— 「Milonguero 是用整個身體去感受音樂的。」 在這支影片中,Pocho 其實只用了三、四種探戈的基本變化, 但他用得 恰到好處 ,時機也 剛剛好 。 這裡有個觀察的小技巧: 影片裡可以看到其他舞者在舞池上的腳和腿。 他們並不差,但還沒到 Pocho 的層次。 在這短短的片段裡,Pocho 會 停頓、等待音樂的起伏 , 而背景中那些舞者的腳, 卻常有一種 焦躁、不安的動作 ——那其實不在音樂裡。 如果你多看幾次,並開始留意他們的動作與 Pocho 的對比, 你會發現: 他們的舞開始像是背景的「雜訊」, 而 Pocho 的動作則像是在音樂中呼吸。 我把這點指出給 Alej 看,她看了一會兒,笑著說: 「沒錯!其他人只是——隨便在跳而已。」 不只是 Pocho 在等待,而其他人忙著移動; 反過來也成立 。 看看影片中滑桿移到兩個箭頭之間的那一段(0:36~0:50)—— 那是 Pocho 的 corridita(小跑步) 。 一開始,他和 Alej 先停頓。 接著 Pocho 向右邁出一步。 當 bandoneón(班多鈕手風琴)發出更強烈、更急促的聲音時, Pocho 順著那股力量前進。 可以很明顯地感受到,他和 Alej 都知道接下來的音樂要發生什麼, 而且他們的回應 恰到好處 —— Pocho 在兩個最強烈的手風琴重音上, 踏出有力而爆發的步伐, 然後放慢節奏,去「標記」樂句結尾那幾個快速的音符。 你也可以注意到,當 Pocho 向右踏步、準備進入 corrida 時, Alej 的右腿優雅地從身後掃出, 那一瞬間的動作多麼美! 此時,她完全與 Pocho 的音樂合一, 並用那個 長而延伸的後退步 , 去支撐他的小跑動作。...